Work Capability Assessments are crucial for determining an individual’s eligibility for benefits such as Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Universal Credit (UC). Claimants are regularly assessed to determine whether they are ‘fit for work’, with assessments involving a detailed questionnaire and a face-to-face meeting with a healthcare professional. This process helps ensure that people are receiving the appropriate level of support based on their ability to work.
However, the DWP is currently facing a considerable backlog, with about 100,000 claimants awaiting their WCAs as of October 2025. This backlog includes those who are still in the initial stages, such as filling out questionnaires, as well as those waiting for further medical evidence. The rise in numbers comes as a result of an unforeseen spike in assessments required towards the end of 2024, compounded by reassessments for individuals reporting a change in their health conditions before May 2025.
DWP’s Efforts to Reduce the Backlog
To address the growing backlog, the DWP has outlined several measures aimed at increasing the efficiency of the assessment process. The Department is focused on expanding its pool of assessors, with plans to recruit more healthcare professionals to expedite the assessments. In a written response to Parliament, Minister of State for Social Security and Disability, Sir Stephen Timms, confirmed that 6,000 WCAs had already been completed by October 2025, and that the remaining cases were expected to be cleared within the next six months.
The DWP is also collaborating with external suppliers who assist in delivering WCAs to further accelerate the process. By increasing the number of assessors and expanding capacity, the Department hopes to prevent further delays and reduce waiting times for individuals claiming benefits.
The Impact on Claimants
The delay in Work Capability Assessments is not just an administrative issue, it affects the lives of claimants who depend on timely decisions to access the benefits they need. People who are waiting for assessments can face financial uncertainty, particularly if they are unable to work due to health issues. The waiting period can lead to prolonged periods of stress and hardship for claimants, many of whom are already dealing with challenging health conditions.
The government has recognized the need to prioritise clearing the backlog, but some critics argue that the delay in assessments exacerbates the financial difficulties faced by vulnerable groups. Without clear answers on their eligibility for benefits, claimants may struggle to plan financially and could experience additional strain.
The DWP’s efforts to resolve the backlog are critical to ensuring that vulnerable individuals are properly supported and can access the necessary financial assistance to improve their quality of life. With plans to clear the backlog by mid-2026, the Department is working to provide much-needed clarity and stability to those waiting for their assessments.
